As I was reading the book How to take smart notes, I came across a reference to the educational principles of Wilhelm von Humboldt.
Unfortunately it gave me a sick feeling in my stomach, as if unexpectedly remembering a close friend who had died:
The relationship between teacher and student […] is changing. The former does not exist for the sake of the latter. They are both at the university for the sake of science and scholarship. — quoted in “The German model of research and advanced education” by Claudius Gellert; in “The Research Foundations of Graduate Education: Germany, Britain, France, United States, Japan” (1993) Clark, Burton R., Ed. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED358755